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L3 5°x5° monthly","temporal":"2002-present","cadence":"annual extensions","license":"Free (Copernicus)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Harmonized long XCO2/XCH4 grids; easiest to animate 20+yr"},{"id":"edgar","name":"EDGAR","domain":"GHG, Emissions & Composition","subdomain":"Emission inventories","provider":"EC JRC","url":"https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/","access":"Direct download; JRC Data Catalogue DOIs","formats":"XLSX;CSV;NetCDF;txt grid","variables":"CO2, CH4, N2O, F-gases + pollutants by sector","spatial":"Country + 0.1° grids","temporal":"1970-2024","cadence":"annual","license":"CC BY 4.0","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Default gridded anthropogenic emissions map"},{"id":"gcb","name":"Global Carbon Budget","domain":"GHG, Emissions & Composition","subdomain":"Emission inventories","provider":"Global Carbon Project","url":"https://globalcarbonbudget.org/","access":"XLSX/CSV downloads; ICOS/Zenodo archive","formats":"XLSX;CSV;NetCDF","variables":"fossil CO2, land-use emissions, ocean/land sinks, budget","spatial":"Global + country","temporal":"1750-2024 +proj","cadence":"annual (Nov)","license":"CC BY 4.0","globe":false,"amoc":false,"notes":"Authoritative annual carbon budget; 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OWID API","formats":"CSV;XLSX;JSON","variables":"CO2 (production/consumption), CH4, N2O, GHG, per-capita, cumulative","spatial":"Countries + world","temporal":"1750-2024","cadence":"annual","license":"CC BY 4.0","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Most convenient single CSV for country choropleths"},{"id":"climatewatch","name":"Climate Watch (WRI)","domain":"GHG, Emissions & Composition","subdomain":"Country/policy","provider":"WRI","url":"https://www.climatewatchdata.org/","access":"Web downloads + REST API","formats":"CSV;JSON","variables":"GHG by country/sector/gas; NDC content/tracking","spatial":"~195 countries","temporal":"1990-2022; NDC current","cadence":"periodic","license":"CC BY 4.0","globe":false,"amoc":false,"notes":"Links emissions to NDC pledges"},{"id":"cat","name":"Climate Action Tracker","domain":"GHG, Emissions & Composition","subdomain":"Country/policy","provider":"Climate Analytics/NewClimate","url":"https://climateactiontracker.org/","access":"Web + selected CSV","formats":"HTML;CSV;PNG","variables":"country ratings, projected 2030 emissions, warming estimates","spatial":"~40 countries","temporal":"rolling","cadence":"around COPs","license":"Free (attribution)","globe":false,"amoc":false,"notes":"Qualitative ratings layer; 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web map","formats":"GRIB;NetCDF","variables":"river discharge forecast/reanalysis, flood thresholds","spatial":"Global 0.05°","temporal":"1979-present +forecast","cadence":"daily","license":"Free (CDS)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Gridded discharge for globe flood-risk animation"},{"id":"grace-tws","name":"GRACE/GRACE-FO TWS mascons","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Hydrology","provider":"NASA JPL PO.DAAC","url":"https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/TELLUS_GRAC-GRFO_MASCON_GRID_RL06.1_V3","access":"Earthdata; OPeNDAP; subscriber","formats":"NetCDF","variables":"liquid water equivalent (groundwater/TWS)","spatial":"Global ~0.5° mascon","temporal":"2002-present","cadence":"monthly","license":"Open (Earthdata)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Groundwater depletion & drought signal Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"esa-cci-sm","name":"ESA CCI Soil Moisture v09.1","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Hydrology","provider":"ESA CCI/TU Wien","url":"https://climate.esa.int/en/projects/soil-moisture/data/","access":"Download portal; CDS; Zenodo (gapfilled)","formats":"NetCDF","variables":"surface soil moisture (combined/active/passive)","spatial":"Global 0.25°","temporal":"1978-present","cadence":"daily","license":"Open","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Long CDR for drought/land-atmosphere Soil moisture represented on-globe in this app by the AMSR2 layer."},{"id":"spei","name":"SPEI Global Drought Database","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Hydrology","provider":"CSIC (Spain)","url":"https://spei.csic.es","access":"Web download; THREDDS/OPeNDAP","formats":"NetCDF;CSV","variables":"Standardised Precip-ET Index (1-48 month)","spatial":"Global land 0.5°","temporal":"1901-present","cadence":"monthly","license":"Open (CC)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Multi-scalar drought index, directly mappable"},{"id":"hydrolakes","name":"HydroLAKES / GloLakes","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Hydrology","provider":"HydroSHEDS/IHE Delft","url":"https://www.hydrosheds.org/products/hydrolakes","access":"Shapefile/GDB download; GloLakes Zenodo","formats":"Shapefile;GeoPackage;CSV;NetCDF","variables":"1.4M lake polygons; GloLakes water storage/level dynamics","spatial":"Global","temporal":"static / 1984-present","cadence":"monthly (GloLakes)","license":"CC BY","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Lake extent + storage change globe layer"},{"id":"fluxnet","name":"FLUXNET2015 / AmeriFlux / ICOS fluxes","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Hydrology/ecosystems","provider":"FLUXNET/LBNL/ICOS","url":"https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet2015-dataset/","access":"Portal download (registration); ICOS API","formats":"CSV;NetCDF","variables":"CO2/H2O/energy fluxes (NEE, GPP, ET), micromet","spatial":"Global tower network","temporal":"1990s-present","cadence":"half-hourly-annual","license":"CC BY 4.0 tiers","globe":false,"amoc":false,"notes":"Point-scale carbon/water fluxes for model benchmarking"},{"id":"emdat","name":"EM-DAT","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Extremes/disasters","provider":"CRED UCLouvain","url":"https://www.emdat.be","access":"Web portal (account); CSV/Excel export","formats":"Excel;CSV","variables":"disaster events (deaths, affected, loss) by type","spatial":"Global, country-tagged","temporal":"1900-present","cadence":"continuous","license":"Free non-commercial (registration)","globe":false,"amoc":false,"notes":"Societal impact layer for choropleth"},{"id":"desinventar","name":"DesInventar Sendai","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Extremes/disasters","provider":"UNDRR","url":"https://www.desinventar.net","access":"Web query; XML/Excel export","formats":"XML;Excel;CSV","variables":"subnational disaster loss by hazard","spatial":"~100 countries subnational","temporal":"1970s-present","cadence":"continuous","license":"Open","globe":false,"amoc":false,"notes":"Fine-grained subnational loss complementing EM-DAT"},{"id":"ibtracs","name":"IBTrACS v04r01","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Extremes/disasters","provider":"NOAA NCEI","url":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/international-best-track-archive","access":"HTTPS/FTP; ERDDAP","formats":"CSV;NetCDF;shapefile","variables":"TC position, wind, pressure best-tracks","spatial":"Global all basins","temporal":"1840s-present","cadence":"3-6 hourly, NRT","license":"Open (US Gov)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Track lines = vector overlays for the globe"},{"id":"hadex3","name":"HadEX3 extremes indices","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Extremes/disasters","provider":"Met Office Hadley","url":"https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadex3/","access":"Direct download; CEDA","formats":"NetCDF;ASCII","variables":"29 ETCCDI temperature & precip extremes indices","spatial":"Global land 1.875x1.25°","temporal":"1901-2018","cadence":"annual/monthly","license":"Open","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Gridded extremes indices for globe visualization"},{"id":"firms","name":"NASA FIRMS (active fire)","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Extremes/disasters","provider":"NASA/UMD","url":"https://firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov","access":"REST API (MAP_KEY); WMS; download","formats":"CSV;shapefile;GeoJSON;KML","variables":"MODIS & VIIRS active fire detections, FRP","spatial":"Global 375m-1km","temporal":"2000-present","cadence":"NRT (~3h)","license":"Open (free key)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Point fire detections; vivid animated globe layer"},{"id":"gwis","name":"GWIS Global Wildfire Info System","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Extremes/disasters","provider":"Copernicus/JRC/NASA","url":"https://gwis.jrc.ec.europa.eu","access":"Web viewer; download; GEE","formats":"Shapefile;CSV;GeoTIFF","variables":"burned area, fire danger (FWI), emissions","spatial":"Global","temporal":"2001-present","cadence":"daily NRT","license":"Open (Copernicus)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Aggregated burned-area/fire-danger maps"},{"id":"mtbs","name":"MTBS burn severity","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Extremes/disasters","provider":"USGS/USDA FS","url":"https://www.mtbs.gov","access":"Web download; raster/vector","formats":"GeoTIFF;shapefile","variables":"fire perimeters, burn severity (dNBR)","spatial":"USA 30m","temporal":"1984-present","cadence":"annual","license":"Open","globe":false,"amoc":false,"notes":"High-res US burn severity for zoom-in"},{"id":"worldcover","name":"ESA WorldCover 10m","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Ecosystems/land cover","provider":"ESA/VITO","url":"https://esa-worldcover.org","access":"S3/Terrascope; GEE; viewer","formats":"COG","variables":"11-class land cover","spatial":"Global 10m","temporal":"2020 & 2021","cadence":"two epochs","license":"CC BY 4.0","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Highest-res global land cover; base texture"},{"id":"modis-lc","name":"MODIS Land Cover (MCD12Q1)","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Ecosystems/land cover","provider":"NASA LP DAAC","url":"https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mcd12q1v061/","access":"Earthdata; AppEEARS; GEE","formats":"HDF-EOS;GeoTIFF","variables":"land cover (IGBP, PFT schemes)","spatial":"Global 500m","temporal":"2001-present","cadence":"annual","license":"Open (Earthdata)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Consistent annual LC for change animation"},{"id":"dynamicworld","name":"Dynamic World","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Ecosystems/land cover","provider":"Google/WRI","url":"https://dynamicworld.app","access":"Google Earth Engine; STAC","formats":"GEE collection;GeoTIFF","variables":"near-real-time 9-class LULC probabilities","spatial":"Global 10m","temporal":"2015-present","cadence":"~5 days","license":"CC BY 4.0","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Near-real-time LULC for dynamic globe"},{"id":"hansen-gfc","name":"Hansen Global Forest Change","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Ecosystems/land cover","provider":"UMD GLAD/Google","url":"https://www.globalforestwatch.org","access":"HTTP tile download; GEE","formats":"GeoTIFF (30m)","variables":"tree cover, forest loss year, gain","spatial":"Global 30m","temporal":"2000-2025","cadence":"annual","license":"CC BY 4.0","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Annual deforestation; compelling change-over-time visual"},{"id":"modis-ndvi","name":"MODIS Vegetation Indices + GIMMS NDVI3g","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Ecosystems/land cover","provider":"NASA LP DAAC/GIMMS","url":"https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mod13a2v061/","access":"Earthdata; AppEEARS; GEE","formats":"HDF;GeoTIFF;NetCDF","variables":"NDVI, EVI (greenness)","spatial":"MODIS 250m-1km / GIMMS 8km","temporal":"MODIS 2000-present / GIMMS 1981-2015","cadence":"16-day/biweekly","license":"Open","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Vegetation/phenology trends; GIMMS extends to 1981 Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"gbif","name":"GBIF biodiversity occurrences","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Ecosystems/land cover","provider":"GBIF","url":"https://www.gbif.org","access":"REST API; download DOIs; pygbif/rgbif","formats":"Darwin Core;CSV","variables":"3B+ species occurrence records","spatial":"Global point occurrences","temporal":"historical-present","cadence":"continuous","license":"CC0/CC BY per dataset","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Biodiversity-climate niche shifts overlay"},{"id":"worldpop","name":"WorldPop","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Societal exposure","provider":"WorldPop/U. Southampton","url":"https://www.worldpop.org","access":"Web download; REST API; GEE","formats":"GeoTIFF","variables":"gridded population counts/density, demographics","spatial":"Global 100m-1km","temporal":"2000-2020+","cadence":"annual/periodic","license":"CC BY 4.0","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Exposure denominator for climate-risk overlays"},{"id":"ghsl","name":"GHSL Global Human Settlement Layer","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Societal exposure","provider":"EU JRC/Copernicus","url":"https://ghsl.jrc.ec.europa.eu","access":"Web download; tiles; GEE","formats":"GeoTIFF","variables":"built-up surface, population (GHS-POP), settlement model","spatial":"Global 100m-1km","temporal":"1975-2030 (5-yr epochs)","cadence":"periodic","license":"Open (Copernicus)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Built-up + population for urban exposure"},{"id":"ndgain","name":"ND-GAIN Country Index","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Societal exposure","provider":"U. Notre Dame","url":"https://gain.nd.edu/our-work/country-index/download-data/","access":"Bulk CSV download","formats":"CSV","variables":"vulnerability & readiness scores + 45 indicators","spatial":"~192 countries","temporal":"1995-present","cadence":"annual","license":"Free (CC BY-NC-SA)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Ready-made climate vulnerability choropleth"},{"id":"esotc","name":"Copernicus European State of the Climate / CDS","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Portals","provider":"Copernicus C3S","url":"https://climate.copernicus.eu/ESOTC","access":"CDS API; web reports","formats":"NetCDF;GRIB;CSV","variables":"ERA5 reanalysis, extremes indicators, sectoral indices","spatial":"Europe/global","temporal":"1940-present","cadence":"ESOTC annual; ERA5 continuous","license":"Free (CDS)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"ERA5 backbone + annual climate summaries"},{"id":"obis","name":"OBIS (Ocean Biodiversity Information System)","domain":"Ocean & AMOC","subdomain":"Biodiversity","provider":"IODE/UNESCO-IOC","url":"https://obis.org","access":"REST API; mapper; R/Python robis/pyobis","formats":"JSON;CSV;Darwin Core","variables":"marine species occurrences","spatial":"global ocean","temporal":"historical-present","cadence":"continuous","license":"CC BY","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Marine counterpart to GBIF; tracks poleward/deeper shifts of ocean life"},{"id":"lpi","name":"Living Planet Index","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Biodiversity","provider":"WWF / ZSL","url":"https://www.livingplanetindex.org/","access":"Download portal; data request","formats":"CSV","variables":"vertebrate population abundance trends","spatial":"~35,000 populations global","temporal":"1970-present","cadence":"~biennial","license":"Free (registration)","globe":false,"amoc":false,"notes":"Closest global *abundance* dataset (~73% avg decline since 1970); complements GBIF presence data"},{"id":"modis-lst","name":"MODIS Land Surface Temperature","domain":"Atmosphere/Reanalysis/Surface","subdomain":"Land temperature","provider":"NASA LP DAAC","url":"https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mod11a1v061/","access":"Earthdata; GIBS WMTS tiles (key-free)","formats":"HDF-EOS;GeoTIFF;PNG tiles","variables":"land skin temperature (day/night), emissivity","spatial":"Global 1km","temporal":"2000-present","cadence":"daily","license":"Open (Earthdata)","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Actual ground/skin temperature over land; key-free GIBS tiles (used in the globe's land-surface-temperature layer)"},{"id":"gfs","name":"NOAA GFS (Global Forecast System)","domain":"Atmosphere/Reanalysis/Surface","subdomain":"NWP forecast","provider":"NOAA NCEP","url":"https://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/emc/pages/numerical_forecast_systems/gfs.php","access":"NOMADS grib filter (no key); AWS/GCS open data mirrors","formats":"GRIB2","variables":"T2m, precip, wind, pressure, humidity, full atmosphere","spatial":"Global 0.25 deg","temporal":"4 cycles/day, leads to 384 h","cadence":"6-hourly","license":"US Gov public domain","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Two live globe layers in this app: 2 m temperature and daily precipitation forecasts (day-keyed to +10 days; the date selector runs into the future while one is on). refresh_data.py gfs re-bakes from the latest complete cycle."},{"id":"opera-dist","name":"OPERA Land Surface Disturbance Alert (DIST-ALERT-HLS)","provider":"NASA JPL / OPERA (from Harmonized Landsat-Sentinel)","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Land cover change","variables":"Vegetation cover loss status, fraction of cover lost, date of first detection","spatial":"30 m global","temporal":"2022- (GIBS tiles from 2023-01)","cadence":"every 2-4 days (HLS revisit)","formats":"COG (GeoTIFF); WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); LP DAAC / Earthdata for the source COGs","license":"Public domain (NASA)","url":"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/go/opera/products/dist-product-suite/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"Near-real-time vegetation disturbance: each new clear Landsat/Sentinel-2 view is compared against the pixel history and a drop in cover is flagged provisional, then confirmed. Sees deforestation, fire, logging and storm damage but not the CAUSE. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"opera-dist-ann","name":"OPERA Land Surface Disturbance Annual Summary (DIST-ANN-HLS)","provider":"NASA JPL / OPERA (from Harmonized Landsat-Sentinel)","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Land cover change","variables":"Confirmed annual vegetation cover loss, fraction lost, duration","spatial":"30 m global","temporal":"2023, 2024, 2025 (one map per year)","cadence":"annual","formats":"COG (GeoTIFF); WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); LP DAAC / Earthdata for the source COGs","license":"Public domain (NASA)","url":"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/go/opera/products/dist-product-suite/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"The settled version of the alert product: one map per year of confirmed loss, with provisional detections resolved. Year-on-year comparison of forest loss. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"wri-gdm-drivers","name":"Global Drivers of Forest Loss at 1 km (WRI / Google DeepMind, v1.3)","provider":"World Resources Institute & Google DeepMind (Sims et al. 2025)","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Land cover change","variables":"Dominant driver of tree-cover loss (permanent agriculture, hard commodities, shifting cultivation, logging, wildfire, settlements & infrastructure, other natural disturbances) plus per-class probabilities","spatial":"1 km (0.01 deg) global, 84N-56S","temporal":"2001-2025 attributed in a single map (v1.3)","cadence":"reissued when a new version is published (v1.0 2022, v1.2 2024, v1.3 2025)","formats":"Cloud-optimized GeoTIFF; Earth Engine image","access":"Direct COG download from WRI Data Explorer (no key); also projects/landandcarbon/assets/wri_gdm_drivers_forest_loss_1km/v1_3_2001_2025 in Earth Engine","license":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://datasets.wri.org/datasets/dominant-drivers-of-tree-cover-loss-at-1km","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"The 'why' behind forest loss: a classifier trained on tens of thousands of hand-labelled sites names the dominant cause of loss at every kilometre. The companion to the OPERA alert products, which resolve loss at 30 m but say nothing about its cause; the agriculture/logging/fire split is also the permanent-vs-regrowth split. Sims et al. 2025, Environ. Res. Lett. 20(7): 074027. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"eot20","name":"EOT20 ocean tide model","domain":"Ocean","subdomain":"Tides","provider":"DGFI-TUM","url":"https://www.seanoe.org/data/00683/79489/","access":"SEANOE HTTPS (open, CC-BY)","formats":"NetCDF","variables":"harmonic constants (amplitude+phase, 17 constituents)","spatial":"Global 0.125°","temporal":"fit to 1992-2019 altimetry","cadence":"static analysis","license":"CC-BY 4.0","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Empirical ocean tide model from multi-mission altimetry (Hart-Davis et al. 2021) · Live globe layer in this app (Tide height, animated) · Controls in the Tides tab."},{"id":"grep","name":"GREP ocean reanalysis ensemble (3 members)","domain":"Ocean & AMOC","subdomain":"Ocean reanalysis","provider":"CMEMS (CMCC / Mercator / ECMWF)","url":"https://data.marine.copernicus.eu/product/GLOBAL_MULTIYEAR_PHY_ENS_001_031/description","access":"copernicusmarine toolbox (same account as GLORYS12)","formats":"NetCDF;Zarr","variables":"uo,vo,mlotst,zos,thetao,so per member (cglo, glor, oras)","spatial":"Global 1/4°, 75 levels","temporal":"1993-01 → 2024-12","cadence":"daily/monthly","license":"Copernicus Marine (free acct) — derivative works must credit the service and cite https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00024","globe":true,"amoc":true,"notes":"Three assimilation systems — CGLORS (CMCC), GLORYS2V4 (Mercator), ORAS5 (ECMWF) — estimating the SAME 1993-2024 ocean from the same satellites and the same Argo floats. Their SPREAD is the two 'Reanalysis disagreement' globe layers (surface current speed, mixed-layer depth): static 0.25° fields on the family-3/4 NA grid, 84,405 ocean cells, the 384-month mean of (max - min) across members. Median current-speed spread 0.077 m/s but over 1 m/s in the Gulf Stream; median MLD spread 14 m but 716 m in the Labrador and Irminger Seas — the deep-convection sites that set the AMOC's dense water are where the observing system constrains us least. Subsets return the 281×481 NA box on the tensor's own axes, so nothing is regridded."},{"id":"hls","name":"Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS S30 / L30 v2.0)","provider":"NASA LP DAAC / USGS / ESA","domain":"Satellite EO & Cloud Platforms","subdomain":"NASA","variables":"Nadir BRDF-adjusted surface reflectance (Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat 8/9 OLI on one 30 m grid), NDVI-ready bands, QA","spatial":"30 m global land (Sentinel-2 native 10 m resampled)","temporal":"L30 2013-03-present; S30 2015-11-present","cadence":"2-3 day combined revisit; ~1 week tile latency","formats":"COG (GeoTIFF); WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); LP DAAC / Earthdata cloud (earthaccess, STAC) for the source COGs","license":"Public domain (NASA)","url":"https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/hlss30v002/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"The two 30 m optical workhorses made interchangeable: same grid, same atmospheric correction, same BRDF normalisation. Daily swath tiles in GIBS; the base product for OPERA DIST and DSWx. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"opera-rtc-s1","name":"OPERA Radiometric Terrain Corrected SAR from Sentinel-1 (RTC-S1)","provider":"NASA JPL / OPERA (from ESA Sentinel-1)","domain":"Satellite EO & Cloud Platforms","subdomain":"NASA","variables":"C-band VV and VH backscatter (gamma0), terrain-corrected; local incidence angle, layover/shadow mask","spatial":"30 m, global land (Sentinel-1 IW coverage)","temporal":"2025-01-present (as GIBS tiles; Sentinel-1 archive 2014-present at ASF)","cadence":"6-12 days per place","formats":"COG (GeoTIFF); HDF5; WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); ASF DAAC (Earthdata login) for the source granules","license":"Public domain (NASA) / Copernicus open","url":"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/go/opera/products/rtc-product/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"All-weather, day/night surface roughness: floods, sea-ice edge, ships, deformation. False-colour tiles (VV/VH) in GIBS. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"nisar-gcov","name":"NISAR L2 Geocoded Polarimetric Covariance (GCOV)","provider":"NASA JPL / ISRO","domain":"Satellite EO & Cloud Platforms","subdomain":"NASA","variables":"L-band (and S-band over India) normalised radar backscatter, polarimetric covariance","spatial":"~10-20 m native; 15 m tiles","temporal":"2025-10-present (provisional)","cadence":"12-day repeat","formats":"HDF5; COG; WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); ASF DAAC (Earthdata login) for granules","license":"Public domain (NASA)","url":"https://nisar.jpl.nasa.gov/data/data-products/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"Launched 2025-07; L-band data publicly released 2026. Penetrates canopy: biomass, soil moisture, ice-sheet and fault deformation. Provisional calibration. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"opera-dswx-hls","name":"OPERA Dynamic Surface Water Extent from HLS (DSWx-HLS)","provider":"NASA JPL / OPERA","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Hydrology / floods","variables":"Water class per pixel: not water, open water, partial surface water, snow/ice, cloud","spatial":"30 m global land","temporal":"2016-01 to 2018-08, 2023-01-present (GIBS tiles)","cadence":"every clear Landsat/Sentinel-2 pass (2-4 days)","formats":"COG (GeoTIFF); WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); PO.DAAC / Earthdata for source COGs","license":"Public domain (NASA)","url":"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/go/opera/products/dswx-product-suite/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"Optical surface-water classification; blind under cloud. Reservoir drawdown, river footprint, flood extent on clear days. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"opera-dswx-s1","name":"OPERA Dynamic Surface Water Extent from Sentinel-1 (DSWx-S1)","provider":"NASA JPL / OPERA","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Hydrology / floods","variables":"Water class per pixel: not water, open water, inundated vegetation; HAND and layover/shadow masks","spatial":"30 m global land","temporal":"2023-12-present","cadence":"every Sentinel-1 pass (6-12 days)","formats":"COG (GeoTIFF); WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); PO.DAAC / Earthdata for source COGs","license":"Public domain (NASA)","url":"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/go/opera/products/dswx-product-suite/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"Radar surface water: the flood-mapping layer, works through cloud. Inundated-vegetation class sees flooded forest under canopy. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"aster-gdem","name":"ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model v3 (GDEM)","provider":"NASA / METI (Japan)","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Terrain","variables":"Elevation above sea level","spatial":"30 m (1 arc-sec), 83N-83S","temporal":"static (stereo imagery 2000-2013, v3 released 2019)","cadence":"static","formats":"GeoTIFF; WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS colour-index tiles (no key); LP DAAC / Earthdata for source tiles","license":"Public domain (NASA/METI)","url":"https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/astgtmv003/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"Global 30 m terrain from Terra/ASTER stereo pairs; the colour-index tiles invert to metres in the app probe. Copernicus DEM (30 m, TanDEM-X) is the more accurate modern alternative but has no keyless tile service. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"sedac-hbase","name":"Global Human Built-up And Settlement Extent (HBASE) from Landsat, 2010","provider":"NASA SEDAC / CIESIN (Columbia)","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Settlements","variables":"Built-up / not built-up / road per pixel","spatial":"30 m global","temporal":"2010 (single epoch)","cadence":"static","formats":"GeoTIFF; WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); NASA Earthdata (SEDAC archive) for source tiles","license":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-ciesin-sedac-ulandsat-hbase-v1-1.0","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"One-epoch 30 m footprint of human structures from the 2010 Global Land Survey Landsat mosaic. Companion to GMIS. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"sedac-gmis","name":"Global Man-made Impervious Surface (GMIS) from Landsat, 2010","provider":"NASA SEDAC / CIESIN (Columbia)","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Settlements","variables":"Percent impervious surface per 30 m pixel (10 % bins in tiles)","spatial":"30 m global","temporal":"2010 (single epoch)","cadence":"static","formats":"GeoTIFF; WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); NASA Earthdata (SEDAC archive) for source tiles","license":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/catalog/sedac-ciesin-sedac-ulandsat-gmis-v1-1.0","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"Sealed-ground fraction: the urban heat-island and flash-flood property. Same 2010 Landsat basis as HBASE. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"landsat-weld","name":"Global Web-Enabled Landsat Data (GWELD v3.1) annual composites","provider":"NASA / USGS EROS / South Dakota State University","domain":"Satellite EO & Cloud Platforms","subdomain":"NASA","variables":"NBAR surface reflectance true/false colour, NDVI; monthly and annual cloud-free composites","spatial":"30 m global","temporal":"1984-86, 1989-91, 1999-2001 (annual, anchored 1 Dec)","cadence":"closed archive","formats":"HDF; WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); LP DAAC for source HDF","license":"Public domain (NASA)","url":"https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/glweldv003/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"The only keyless 30 m tile record of the 1980s-90s. Three three-year spans only. Historic counterpart to the HLS layers. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"sentinel-2-msi","name":"Copernicus Sentinel-2 MSI (L2A surface reflectance)","provider":"ESA / Copernicus","domain":"Satellite EO & Cloud Platforms","subdomain":"Copernicus","variables":"13 bands, 10/20/60 m; scene classification; cloud probability","spatial":"10 m native (B2,B3,B4,B8) global land and coasts","temporal":"2015-06-present (2A, 2B 2017, 2C 2024)","cadence":"5-day at the equator, 2-3 days mid-latitude","formats":"SAFE / JP2; COG (AWS, Planetary Computer); STAC","access":"Copernicus Data Space (free account; OData/STAC/S3); AWS sentinel-2-l2a COGs (no key); Planetary Computer","license":"Free and open (Copernicus)","url":"https://dataspace.copernicus.eu/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"The 10 m optical backbone. No keyless global WMTS at native 10 m; the app shows it at 30 m via HLS (GIBS). EOX Sentinel-2 cloudless yearly mosaics are a keyless 10 m WMTS (CC BY-NC-SA) - candidate for a second tile host."},{"id":"sentinel-1-sar","name":"Copernicus Sentinel-1 C-SAR (GRD / SLC)","provider":"ESA / Copernicus","domain":"Satellite EO & Cloud Platforms","subdomain":"Copernicus","variables":"C-band VV/VH backscatter (GRD), complex SLC for interferometry; ocean wind/wave/swell L2","spatial":"10 m IW GRD; 5x20 m SLC; global","temporal":"2014-10-present (1A; 1C 2024-12; 1D data opened 2026-04-17)","cadence":"6-12 days per place, restoring 6-day with 1C+1D","formats":"SAFE; COG (RTC on Planetary Computer); STAC","access":"Copernicus Data Space (free account); ASF DAAC (Earthdata login); Planetary Computer RTC","license":"Free and open (Copernicus)","url":"https://dataspace.copernicus.eu/news/2026-4-16-sentinel-1d-user-data-opening-17042026","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"All-weather 10 m radar; the only regular-cadence 10 m source you can rely on. Served in the app at 30 m via OPERA RTC-S1 (GIBS)."},{"id":"swot-karin","name":"SWOT KaRIn sea surface height (L2 LR SSH, L3)","provider":"NASA JPL / CNES (PO.DAAC, AVISO)","domain":"Ocean & AMOC","subdomain":"Sea level","variables":"Sea surface height and anomaly, 2 km Expert grid and 250 m Unsmoothed; swath 120 km","spatial":"2 km (Expert) / 250 m (Unsmoothed), 120 km swath, 78S-78N","temporal":"2023-07-present (science orbit)","cadence":"21-day repeat; 1-day fast-sampling phase 2023","formats":"NetCDF; Zarr (L3 AVISO)","access":"PO.DAAC (Earthdata login, earthaccess); AVISO L3 (free account)","license":"Free with registration","url":"https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/SWOT_L2_LR_SSH_UNSMOOTHED_2.0","amoc":true,"globe":true,"notes":"~100x finer than conventional altimetry; resolves submesoscale eddies. No tile service; candidate for an offline-baked 2 km SSH grid in this app (same mechanism as GLORYS currents)."},{"id":"jrc-gsw","name":"JRC Global Surface Water (GSW v1.4)","provider":"European Commission JRC / Google","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Hydrology / floods","variables":"Water occurrence, change, seasonality, recurrence, transitions, max extent; monthly history","spatial":"30 m global","temporal":"1984-2024 (v1.5, updated 2026-08); monthly history and aggregates","cadence":"periodic reprocessing","formats":"GeoTIFF; GEE collection; XYZ tiles","access":"Download (no key); public GCS tile pyramid (no key); Google Earth Engine","license":"CC BY 4.0 / Copernicus open","url":"https://global-surface-water.appspot.com/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"41 years of Landsat water at 30 m (v1.5, 1984–2024, water-world/tiles2024 bucket, zoom ≤13, CORS *). Occurrence layer live; change/seasonality/recurrence/transitions also served. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"copernicus-dem","name":"Copernicus DEM (GLO-30 / GLO-90)","provider":"ESA / Copernicus / Airbus (TanDEM-X)","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Terrain","variables":"Digital surface model height","spatial":"30 m (GLO-30) and 90 m global","temporal":"static (TanDEM-X 2011-2015; 2021-2023 releases)","cadence":"static","formats":"COG (GeoTIFF); DGED","access":"AWS copernicus-dem-30m (no key); Copernicus Data Space; Planetary Computer","license":"Free and open (Copernicus, with attribution)","url":"https://dataspace.copernicus.eu/explore-data/data-collections/copernicus-contributing-missions/collections-description/COP-DEM","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"The most accurate modern global 30 m DEM; no keyless WMTS, so the app uses ASTER GDEM via GIBS. Could be baked as terrain tiles later."},{"id":"esa-worldcover-wmts","name":"ESA WorldCover WMTS (Terrascope)","provider":"ESA / VITO","domain":"Paleo, Hydrology, Extremes & Impacts","subdomain":"Ecosystems/land cover","variables":"11-class land cover 2020 and 2021","spatial":"10 m global","temporal":"2020, 2021","cadence":"two epochs","formats":"WMTS/WMS tiles; COG","access":"services.terrascope.be WMTS (no key, CORS); AWS esa-worldcover COGs","license":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://esa-worldcover.org/en/data-access","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"Keyless 10 m tile service for the WorldCover map — the first tile host here beyond NASA GIBS (CLAUDE.md §3 tile-host bar; KVP WMTS, TIME mandatory, EPSG:3857 only, data to zoom 14). Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"alphaearth","name":"Google AlphaEarth Foundations satellite embeddings","provider":"Google DeepMind / Google Earth Engine","domain":"Satellite EO & Cloud Platforms","subdomain":"Cloud platforms","variables":"64-dimensional annual embedding per 10 m pixel, learned from Sentinel-1/2, Landsat, and others","spatial":"10 m global","temporal":"2017-2024 annual","cadence":"annual","formats":"GEE ImageCollection (GOOGLE/SATELLITE_EMBEDDING/V1/ANNUAL)","access":"Google Earth Engine (account, non-commercial free)","license":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/GOOGLE_SATELLITE_EMBEDDING_V1_ANNUAL","amoc":false,"globe":false,"notes":"Precomputed foundation-model embedding of the whole planet at 10 m - the cheapest route to \"10 m everything\" as a 64-channel tensor. Earth Engine only; not renderable here without auth."},{"id":"swisstopo-wmts","name":"swisstopo SWISSIMAGE / swissALTI3D / swissTLM3D (geo.admin.ch WMTS)","provider":"Federal Office of Topography swisstopo","domain":"Satellite EO & Cloud Platforms","subdomain":"National mapping","variables":"Orthophoto 10 cm, DEM/hillshade 0.5 m, national map, land cover, topographic landscape model","spatial":"0.1-2 m, Switzerland","temporal":"SWISSIMAGE current + time-travel 1946-present","cadence":"3-year orthophoto cycle","formats":"WMTS/XYZ tiles; STAC; GeoTIFF/LAS","access":"wmts.geo.admin.ch (no key, CORS); data.geo.admin.ch STAC","license":"Open Government Data (free, attribution)","url":"https://www.geo.admin.ch/en/geo-services/geo-services/portrayal-services-web-services.html","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"The finest keyless tile service anywhere: 10 cm orthophotos, the 1926–2025 aerial time-travel series, 0.5 m lidar hillshade. Switzerland bbox only (400 outside). Fair use ≤20,000 users/day. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"ecostress","name":"ECOSTRESS land surface temperature (ISS)","provider":"NASA JPL / LP DAAC","domain":"Atmosphere/Reanalysis/Surface","subdomain":"Land surface temperature","variables":"LST and emissivity, evapotranspiration, water-use efficiency","spatial":"~70 m, 52N-52S (ISS orbit)","temporal":"2018-07-present","cadence":"irregular, 1-5 day revisit at varying local times","formats":"HDF5; COG","access":"LP DAAC / Earthdata (login); AppEEARS","license":"Public domain (NASA)","url":"https://ecostress.jpl.nasa.gov/","amoc":false,"globe":false,"notes":"The finest thermal record (70 m) but no tile service; Landsat TIRS (100 m) likewise. MODIS 1 km is what the app shows."},{"id":"eox-s2cloudless","name":"EOX Sentinel-2 cloudless yearly mosaics (s2maps.eu)","provider":"EOX IT Services GmbH","domain":"Satellite EO & Cloud Platforms","subdomain":"Copernicus","variables":"Cloud-free true-colour Sentinel-2 mosaic, one per year","spatial":"10 m global (zoom ≤18 in EPSG:3857, ≤17 in EPSG:4326)","temporal":"2016-2025, one mosaic per year","cadence":"annual","formats":"WMTS/WMS tiles (JPEG)","access":"tiles.maps.eox.at WMTS (no key, CORS)","license":"CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (2018-2025); CC BY 4.0 (2016-2017); attribution required","url":"https://s2maps.eu/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"The clearest global picture at 10 m; the yearly mosaics make a 2016-vs-2025 split comparison. Non-commercial licence for 2018+. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"merra2-wind","name":"MERRA-2 surface wind speed (monthly, M2TMNXFLX/M2TMNXSLV)","provider":"NASA GMAO","domain":"Atmosphere/Reanalysis/Surface","subdomain":"Global reanalysis","variables":"10 m wind speed (monthly mean); full MERRA-2 has u/v components, stress, fluxes","spatial":"0.5 deg lat x 0.625 deg lon global (~55 km)","temporal":"1980-01-present","cadence":"monthly, ~1-2 month lag","formats":"NetCDF-4; WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); GES DISC (Earthdata login) for the source granules","license":"Public domain (NASA)","url":"https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/reanalysis/MERRA-2/","amoc":true,"globe":true,"notes":"The satellite-era wind field, complete over land and ocean. Wind stress is the ocean surface current forcing and one half of the AMOC wind-driven variability. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"amsr-ocean-wind","name":"AMSR-E / AMSR2 ocean wind speed (L3 daily)","provider":"NASA / JAXA (NSIDC)","domain":"Atmosphere/Reanalysis/Surface","subdomain":"Surface observations","variables":"Ocean surface wind speed (magnitude only, no direction), plus SST, water vapour, cloud liquid water","spatial":"~25 km, ice-free ocean","temporal":"2002-06 to 2025-09 (as GIBS tiles)","cadence":"daily (ascending + descending passes)","formats":"HDF-EOS5; WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key); NSIDC (Earthdata login) for granules","license":"Public domain (NASA/JAXA)","url":"https://nsidc.org/data/au_ocean","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"Measured rather than modelled wind over the sea, from surface roughness in passive microwave. Speed only; scatterometers (ASCAT, QuikSCAT) give direction too but have no keyless tile service. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"oscar","name":"OSCAR near-surface ocean currents (L4, v2)","provider":"NASA JPL PO.DAAC / ESR","domain":"Ocean & AMOC","subdomain":"Surface currents","variables":"Zonal (u) and meridional (v) near-surface current velocity; 0-30 m layer","spatial":"0.25 deg global (v2; v1 was 1/3 deg)","temporal":"1992-10-present (GIBS tiles 2014-10 to 2024-07)","cadence":"5-day (and daily in the source product)","formats":"NetCDF; WMTS tiles (one per component)","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key, per component); PO.DAAC (Earthdata login) for NetCDF","license":"Public domain (NASA)","url":"https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/OSCAR_L4_OC_INTERIM_V2.0","amoc":true,"globe":true,"notes":"Diagnostic surface currents from altimetry, winds and SST - the observational counterpart to the GLORYS model currents. The app combines the two component tiles into a speed field client-side. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"dopplerscatt","name":"DopplerScatt / S-MODE airborne ocean winds and currents (Ka-band Doppler scatterometry)","provider":"NASA JPL","domain":"Ocean & AMOC","subdomain":"Surface currents","variables":"Ocean surface vector winds AND surface current velocity, measured simultaneously","spatial":"~200-300 m posting, ~25 km swath (airborne)","temporal":"campaign flights: S-MODE 2021-2023, earlier validation campaigns from 2016","cadence":"campaign","formats":"NetCDF","access":"PO.DAAC (Earthdata login)","license":"Public domain (NASA)","url":"https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/SMODE_L2_DOPPLERSCATT_WINDS_CURRENTS_V2","amoc":false,"globe":false,"notes":"The instrument that measures both halves of the air-sea momentum exchange in one look, and the pathfinder for a spaceborne Winds and Currents Mission. Airborne campaign swaths, not a global grid, so not a globe layer - the reason the globe shows winds and currents from separate sensors."},{"id":"ccmp-wind","name":"CCMP cross-calibrated multi-platform ocean vector winds","provider":"Remote Sensing Systems (REMSS) / NASA","domain":"Atmosphere/Reanalysis/Surface","subdomain":"Surface observations","variables":"Zonal and meridional 10 m ocean wind components, scalar wind speed","spatial":"0.25 deg global ocean","temporal":"1987-07 to present (v3.1); GIBS monthly tiles 1987-2011","cadence":"6-hourly (source); monthly means as tiles","formats":"NetCDF; WMTS tiles","access":"NASA GIBS WMTS (no key, monthly only); REMSS for the full record","license":"Free (REMSS, research use)","url":"https://www.remss.com/measurements/ccmp/","amoc":false,"globe":true,"notes":"The standard merged ocean wind vector record. Its GIBS tiles stop at 2011 and are monthly only, so MERRA-2 is the app layer; CCMP is the better source for a pipeline."},{"id":"gfw-fishing-effort","name":"Global Fishing Watch — AIS apparent fishing effort v3","domain":"Ocean & AMOC","subdomain":"Human activity at sea","provider":"Global Fishing Watch","url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14982712","access":"Zenodo record 14982712, anonymous download (no key); daily 0.1° CSVs by MMSI 2012-2024; this app reads a 0.25° monthly grid baked from it (E-081 §3) by HTTP range request from the Hugging Face Hub","formats":"CSV(zip);NPY(derived grid)","variables":"fishing_hours (hours a neural network classed as fishing), hours (hours broadcasting on AIS), vessel MMSI, flag, gear class","spatial":"Global 0.1° source → 0.25° monthly grid here","temporal":"2012-01 to 2024-12 (2024 provisional)","cadence":"annual releases; v3 released 2025-03-11","license":"CC BY-NC 4.0 — noncommercial, attribution required: \"Powered by Global Fishing Watch\"","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"Where the industrial fleet fishes, as a distributed sensor of fronts and productivity. AIS reception is uneven, so absence of effort is NOT absence of fishing. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"gfw-loitering-events","name":"Global Fishing Watch Events API — loitering events","domain":"Ocean & AMOC","subdomain":"Human activity at sea","provider":"Global Fishing Watch","url":"https://globalfishingwatch.org/our-apis/documentation","access":"GET https://gateway.api.globalfishingwatch.org/v3/events?datasets[0]=public-global-loitering-events:latest with Authorization: Bearer <token> (free registration; 50,000 requests/day). KEYED, so never called by the browser — baked nightly into data/loitering.json by scripts/refresh_data.py loitering","formats":"JSON","variables":"position, start, end, totalTimeHours, totalDistanceKm, averageSpeedKnots, averageDistanceFromShoreKm, vessel name/ssvid/flag","spatial":"Global, one point per event","temporal":"2012-present; this app bakes a rolling last-30-days snapshot","cadence":"continuous; snapshot refreshed daily","license":"CC BY-NC 4.0 — noncommercial, attribution required: \"Powered by Global Fishing Watch\"","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"A vessel drifting at sea at low speed for hours — the signature of transshipment at sea and of waiting. Live globe layer in this app."},{"id":"ocean-cleanup-gpgp-2018","name":"The Ocean Cleanup — Great Pacific Garbage Patch survey data (Lebreton et al. 2018)","domain":"Ocean & AMOC","subdomain":"Marine litter","provider":"The Ocean Cleanup","url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5873142","access":"figshare article 5873142: keyless API https://api.figshare.com/v2/articles/5873142/files and ndownloader links (the web page answers 403 to scripts); baked into data/gpgp_plastic.json by scripts/refresh_data.py gpgp","formats":"XLS;GeoTIFF;Shapefile","variables":"floating plastic concentration (pieces/km², g/km²) per size class 0.05–0.5, 0.5–5, 5–50, >50 cm, wind-mixing-corrected and raw; per-object type, colour, size and weight from aerial mosaics; 1972–2015 compiled microplastic tows","spatial":"North Pacific subtropical gyre; one point per net tow / photo mosaic / object; compilation Pacific-wide","temporal":"net tows 2015-07 to 2015-09, aircraft 2016-10; compilation 1972–2015","cadence":"one-off campaign; not updated","license":"CC BY 4.0 — attribution: Lebreton et al. 2018 / The Ocean Cleanup","globe":true,"amoc":false,"notes":"The ground truth for floating plastic in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, published with Sci. Rep. 8:4666. Live globe layer in this app."}]}